A Contraversial Issue utilized by George W. Bush during his presidency Essay

Free Essays on Sausage Essay

The cutting edge word hotdog is gotten from the Latin salsus, which means salted. The term was initially just applied to restored or salted meats for the most part, yet has since taken on an entire slew of various wieners. Many years back, individuals didn't have refrigeration to safeguard their meat, so making wiener was a method of defeating this issue. The assembling of hotdogs started more than 2,000 years back, and it is as yet a developing industry. While a portion of its essential practices are nearly as old as progress, the industry is continually changing a result of new and accommodating innovative and logical advances in our general public. For instance, dry hotdog was conceived because of the disclosure of new flavors, which assisted with improving flavors and protect the meat, in addition to dry frankfurter needn't bother with refrigeration. Various nations and various urban communities inside those nations began creating their own particular kinds of wiener, both new and dry. These various sorts of wiener were generally impacted by the accessibility of fixings just as the atmosphere. Fundamentally individuals living specifically zones built up their own kinds of hotdog and that wiener became related with the territory, and furthermore frequently named after the zone. For instance Bologna began in the town of Bologna in Northern Italy, Lyons wiener from Lyons in France, and Berliner hotdog from Berlin in Germany. Because of the staggering measure of frankfurter types around today, the culinary business has partitioned them into specific segments, or types. These sorts are new wiener, uncooked smoked hotdog, cooked frankfurter, dry hotdog, cooked smoked frankfurter, cooked meat claims to fame. These â€Å"categories† are the fundamental classifications for all frankfurters. In numerous different nations, the culinarians have even characterized these gatherings down further, including such sorts as: British frankfurters, Italian hotdogs, Bratwurst, summer wiener/Salami/Beer Sticks, and Liver Sausage/Braunschweig... Free Essays on Sausage Essay Free Essays on Sausage Essay The advanced word wiener is gotten from the Latin salsus, which means salted. The term was initially just applied to restored or salted meats for the most part, yet has since taken on an entire slew of various wieners. Many years back, individuals didn't have refrigeration to protect their meat, so making frankfurter was a method of conquering this issue. The assembling of hotdogs started more than 2,000 years back, and it is as yet a developing industry. While a portion of its fundamental practices are nearly as old as progress, the industry is continually changing a direct result of new and supportive mechanical and logical advances in our general public. For instance, dry hotdog was conceived because of the revelation of new flavors, which assisted with improving flavors and save the meat, in addition to dry wiener needn't bother with refrigeration. Various nations and various urban communities inside those nations began delivering their own unmistakable sorts of wiener, both new and dry. These various kinds of frankfurter were for the most part impacted by the accessibility of fixings just as the atmosphere. Fundamentally individuals living specifically regions built up their own sorts of wiener and that hotdog became related with the zone, and furthermore in many cases named after the zone. For instance Bologna started in the town of Bologna in Northern Italy, Lyons frankfurter from Lyons in France, and Berliner wiener from Berlin in Germany. Because of the staggering measure of hotdog types around today, the culinary business has separated them into specific areas, or types. These sorts are new wiener, uncooked smoked hotdog, cooked frankfurter, dry frankfurter, cooked smoked hotdog, cooked meat strengths. These â€Å"categories† are the essential classes for all wieners. In numerous different nations, the culinarians have even characterized these gatherings down further, including such sorts as: British hotdogs, Italian frankfurters, Bratwurst, summer wiener/Salami/Beer Sticks, and Liver Sausage/Braunschweig...

How to Write the Best Research Paper For College

How to Write the Best Research Paper For CollegeAre you trying to write the best research paper for college? If you have done a lot of research papers before and maybe are good at it, but if you are trying to write the perfect one, then you might want to read this article. This article will show you some steps that you can take when you are trying to write the best research paper for college.Writing an essay or research paper is not as easy as you think. It requires time and effort. You need to spend time thinking about your topic, and give yourself ample time to make changes. It is important that you use good grammar in order to avoid any misunderstandings with your readers. This will prevent any form of mistakes from happening.When you start writing the essay, it is a good idea to sit down and go over the ideas that you will be discussing in it. You can write the paper the way you want to. You need to write the paper in such a way that you are able to describe your topic in the bes t possible way.If you are new to writing, it is a good idea to read through different types of writing. This will help you understand the difference between writing a good research paper and making mistakes. Do not worry too much about making mistakes. As long as you avoid them, then you can go on and try to make mistakes less.Making notes in your research paper are very important. You need to write down what you learned and this can help you come up with different types of questions later on. You need to go through the research before you start your writing, so that you will know exactly what type of questions to ask your research subject.Research and writing can both become difficult if you do not organize yourself. Ifyou do not know how to organize your paper, then you can consider having a professional to write it for you. You need to put things in categories, so that you will know where to find each type of information. This will make your life a lot easier.Before you start wri ting your paper, you need to think about how you will be describing the subject of your paper. You need to ask yourself if you want to keep your information organized or if you want to have as much information as possible. You can also use different types of keywords in order to make it easier for your readers to understand.Finally, when you are writing your research paper, you need to make sure that you can complete it within the deadline. The reason why this is important is because if you cannot finish the paper, then your grades will suffer. So if you have given yourself enough time, then you should be fine.

Bruiser Film Analysis - 1551 Words

Another aspect of nonverbal language incorporated into the movie is haptics, or communication through physical touch (Wood, 2013). Haptics has a significant effect on interpersonal communication, and as Joann Peck and Terry Childers write in the Journal of Consumer research, â€Å"interpersonal touch has been found to greatly affect both attitudes and behavior (Peck, 2003). When Elle finds her intended fiancà ©, Warner, at a Halloween party, she effectively charms him into a corner. Elle places her arms on Warner’s shoulders and guides Warner’s hands to her waist as she waffles about law school while Warner is entirely distracted by her flirting. In another scene, Bruiser demonstrates his approval of Vivian Kensington, Warner’s fiancà ©e, by†¦show more content†¦When Elle sees that two girls are crudely and bluntly rejecting her sweet friend David Kidney, she ingeniously decides that the smartest thing for her to do is to walk up to David and slap him . Confused and stunned, David apologizes for an imagined wrong, and Elle pretends to have been a scorned ex-lover who had spent a night of unimaginable bliss with David before he supposedly disappeared on her. She storms away and giggles lightly after getting out of earshot of the two girls, and one of them turns to David and asks, â€Å"So†¦ what are you doing tonight?† By acting as if David had left her, Elle relied on her appearance as a beautiful woman to make the other women believe that David was a man to be reckoned with. Elle’s act was based on the assumption that the other girls would see her as a desirable woman and therefore lend credence to the fact that David is an even more desirable person. Therefore, Elle’s physical appearance, coupled with her verbal rampage, communicates to the two bullies that David is actually a suave casanova who tosses aside beautiful girls every day. On the other side of the coin, the fine print that accompanies her physical appearance means that many people that meet her severely underestimate her intellect and abilities,

Article Review Change Your Gun Laws, America - 1130 Words

When I spent two weeks in Spain with a host family, the first interaction my little Spanish brother had with me was with his hands in the universal sign for a gun, chanting â€Å"U.S.A.† as he fired his fake guns into the air. Gun rights, gun regulations, and the importance of the Second Amendment are all topics that are pertinent to the safety of the citizens of the United States. Fareed Zakaria, a renowned journalist and author for CNN and the Washington Post, lays out his concerns for the way Americans view our Second Amendment right in an opinion post. Contrastingly, UCLA and Harvard professor and political scientist James Q. Wilson describes why gun control is not and will not be able to impede any shootings, such as the Virginia Tech†¦show more content†¦He does not attribute either of these issues to America’s elevated gun homicide rate because these illnesses and graphic images are not unique to the American people. The difference in gun homicide rates between the United States and other countries is a result of America’s looser restrictions on who may own and carry guns (Zakaria). Zakaria closes his opinion piece by saying, â€Å"It is not an act of fate that has caused 150,000 Americans to die over the past 14 years. It is a product of laws, court decisions, lobbying and pandering politicians. We can change it† (Zakaria). He utilizes his many strengths as a journalist to influence the reader towards a viewpoint similar to his own. These strengths include the use of concrete facts and statistics, addressing multiple theories that could falsify his stance, and personal touches throughout the article. Seeing the numbers and stats around an issue made it easier to quantify the vastness of this issue. Zakaria also ensured that he touched on many different models that could be used to disagree with him, such as the connection between mental illness and violence, and utilized them in his favor. Ending the article with â⠂¬Å"we can change it† creates an atmosphere in which the reader feels like they can now make a difference using the new information they just acquired. He does fail, however, to outline specifically how the issue can be addressed and changed. Leaving the article open ended to change may have also left the

Change In Leadership And Leadership Strategies †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Change In Leadership And Leadership Strategies. Answer: Introduction The changing business environment requires a change in leadership and leadership strategies in order for organizations to meet their goals. Leaders lead teams, which in turn form groups. Teams are bound by a psychological factor and there is interdependence within the team, similar to a group, except that for groups, the psychological element is missing. The effectiveness and performance of teams and groups within an organization largely depends on leadership. Leaders must possess certain traits and characteristics to perform the dual roles of leading and managing; to manage effectively, one must possess leadership skills and to lead, one must manage teams and groups. Leadership and managing are therefore, mutually inclusive. Leadership is the process of controlling, directing, inspiring, and motivating staff teams or groups) towards the realization of defined organizational goals. To lead effectively, the leader must be a ruler, a motivator to inspire people, and be a coach to guide teams. Yet the behaviors and traits of leaders determine how effectively they lead teams and groups and enable the entire organization meet its goals. To attain a specific goal, leaders must choose a leadership path that suits their skills and the circumstances. With modern pressures to perform, leaders are easily tempted to micro manage, and/ or focus on priorities that do not add value to the organization or the customer. Time is a scarce resource in the parlance of leaders yet effective leaders of the modern age must of necessity create time regularly to ruminate on the bigger picture. When talking of the bigger picture, managers must take time and critically think of answers to the critical questions of; The purpose and reason their organization exists, what value it does or does not offer client why and how their offering delivers value to customers. Leaders must also seek answers to the question of the value it add to shareholders and the business and the behavior of the people in the organization. By answering these questions effectively and switching between macro managing and a little micro managing, leaders can direct the energies of their staff towards these goals, the big picture. This paper discusses the subject of how leaders can focus more on the bigger picture in the context of leadership theories and leadership types, specifically situational and contingency behaviors and the postmodern, transactional and transformational leadership styles, and the need to challenge and change present perspectives on leadership towards full range leadership where leaders direct employees rather than wholesale espousal of empowerment, which is the norm. Discussion Teams are connected psychologically to work interdependently in order to achieve a specific goal or aim. Teams form groups, which share similarities with teams, except that it lacks the psychological connection. Organizations are made of small teams that form groups collectively known as employees (Britton 2014). The prominent paradigm is that employees enjoy work when they are autonomous; that the key to being happy at work for employees and therefore being more productive is being autonomous as it creates empowerment. Autonomy at the workplace implies having a job where one can make some decisions and people find it important to perceive they have choices and that any actions is due to their own volition and that they instigate their actions. Autonomy is among the most basic and highly important psychological needs of human beings, according to Van-den-Broeck et al., (2010). Autonomy has been established to be an important mediating factor in job satisfaction and job characteristic s (Millette Gagna?e 2008). However, this empowerment of employees requires some boundaries in order that it becomes meaningful since the empowered employees with their autonomy and freedom end up flailing. This happens because the empowered and autonomous employees are not sure whether whatever they are doing is what the leaders want and that they are utilizing the resources and time available to them in the best way possible as they do not have a well-defined organizational goal to work towards, something that can be achieved through macro management and prescriptive leadership (Johnson 2016). To most leaders, time is always on the premium, and so they focus on tackling the priorities that do not necessarily add value to the important things that should define the organization or spend more time micromanaging employees, something that does not necessarily improve productivity (White Jr. 2010) and can be counterproductive. The obsession with the scarcity of time such that managers cannot spare time for mundane things as seeking answers on important questions that should drive organizational policy and mindset is making organizations lose focus of the important issues (Freeman 2014). Further, many managers tend to avoid prescriptive leadership in favor of empowering employees and giving them greater autonomy. However, the modern business environment requires management leadership, which requires leaders that are both transformational and transactional. To give a direction that employees must follow, the managing leader must seek answers to the crucial questions of the purpos e and reason their organization exists, what value it does or does not offer client why and how their offering delivers value to customers. Leaders must also seek answers to the question of the value it add to shareholders and the business and the behavior of the people in the organization. This will provide a clear direction and require some prescription leadership to temper employee empowerment and autonomy (Riggio Reichard 2008), (Johnson 2016). In the pots modern world, the servant leader is desirable; the servant leader is a servant that empowers and recounts stories, is a visionary androgynous, network extensively, and is a team builder (Sendjaya Pekerti 2010). According to Johnson (2016) leaders must ask themselves the tough questions relating to their organizations purpose and the value they provide customers and shareholders before deciding on a strategic direction. Leaders must network more, seek feedback from people and sources that will criticize them and put them to task over their ideas. By constantly asking the hard questions, organization leaders will be able to offer better leadership by creating teams rather than letting groups flourish within the organization. They will become visionary and empower the teams they build, while creating synergy and providing direction to all team members so that the company has a common goal. This will help change the organizational culture and pepper empowerment and autonomy with direction and purpose enhancing the change and adjustment in the organizational culture towards goals that add value to customers, the company, and its shareholders. Without effective management of human resources, even the most talented employees become less productive when they are not given a clear direction. The leader, in seeking answers to the critical questions of what value the organization adds and the purpose of its existence, should ensure they are aware of the prevailing situation; situational awareness and participation as well as motivation will achieve greater impacts (Manser 2009). The postmodern leader is a servant that must place greater emphasis on macro management, with the occasional micromanaging episodes to help them understand their employees so as to build better teams and change their mindset to align with the macro management principles of understanding why the organization exists and the value the organization offers. By understanding their employees, the leader will work with middle level managers that understand the organization vision based on macro management principles that seek to understand and answer questions on the purpose of the organization and the value the organization provides customers and shareholders. The modern managing leader must be an effective communicator as well; after getting answers on the question of organization purpose and value they provide, the managing leader needs to effectively communicate these ideals to employees and create effective teams in the process, while continuing to guide and mentor and coach them (Sendj aya Pekerti 2010). Leaders must use the negative to make choices; such as what happens if they do not do something; leaders as well should think from the point of view of no money, network with different fresh groups to help them evaluate and examine the viability of their strategic directions and help them fine tune their message to give direction to the teams they build. The modern manager must be simultaneously engage in micro management as well as macro management to foster positive organizational culture change and steer the organization towards fulfilling the purpose of its existence, creating the desired value for customers, and adding value to itself (the organization), as well as to shareholders and owners (Johnson 2016). Conclusion Modern management challenges have made managers believe there is no time for ruminating and seeking answers to fundamental questions of the purpose of an organizations existence, its value proposition to customers and the value it adds to shareholders and the company. The modern adage of employee empowerment has been counterproductive because the empowered employees, even the best, become uncertain when they don't have a definite direction to direct their efforts and resources. The modern world requires the postmodern servant leader and manager that use prescription as well as effective communication and coaching to pass their message to teams they build in order to mediate an organizational cultural change that is geared towards value addition and understanding the purpose for which the organization exists. References Britton, J. J. (2014). From One to Many: Best Practices for Team and Group Coaching. John Wiley Sons. Freeman, R. E. (2014). Strategic management: a stakeholder approach. San Bernardino, CA, University of Minnesota Press. Manser T. (2009). Teamwork and patient safety in dynamic domains of healthcare: a review of the literature. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. 53, 143-51. Johnson, E. (2016). How Leaders Can Focus on the Big Picture. 1st ed. Brighton Watertown, MA: Harvard Business Publishing, pp.1-5. Millette, V., Gagna?e, M. (2008). Designing volunteers' tasks to maximize motivation, satisfaction and performance: The impact of job characteristics on volunteer engagement. Motivation and Emotion. 32, 11-22. Riggio R.E., Reichard R.J. (2008). The emotional and social intelligences of effective leadership: An emotional and social skill approach. Journal of Managerial Psychology. 23, 169-185. Sendjaya, S., Pekerti, A. (2010). Servant leadership as antecedent of trust in organizations. Leadership Organization Development Journal. 31, 643-663. Van-Den-Broeck, A., Vansteenkiste, M., De Witte, H., Soenens, B., Lens, W. (2010). Capturing autonomy, competence, and relatedness at work: Construction and initial validation of the Work-related Basic Need Satisfaction scale. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology. 83, 981-1002. White Jr. R.D. (2010). The micromanagement disease: Symptoms, diagnosis, and cure. Public Personnel Management. 39, 71-76.

Is Thunderbolt the Real Deal

Thunderboltâ„ ¢ technology was developed by Intel ® in collaboration with Apple ® in order to transform the performance of PCs. The key features of Thunderboltâ„ ¢ technology include optical or electrical cables, daisy-chained devices, dual-channel 10Gbs per port and compatibility with prevailing Display Port devices.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Is Thunderbolt the Real Deal? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Other characteristics include the use of both PCI Express and Display Port protocols, low latency with high, accurate time synchronisation and power over cable for bus-powered devices. The technology is also bi-directional and implements local protocol software drivers (Shah 16). The performance and protocols available in Thunderboltâ„ ¢ technology provide designers with freedom and flexibility to come up with new computer products and configurations. Using Thunderboltâ„ ¢ technology allows designers to come up with the impartial performance expansion technologies that are typical in the desktops, possible using local device drivers that are joined by a single cable. Thunderboltâ„ ¢ technology also enables designers to come up with thinner and lighter laptops, as well as, miniature connectors that are ideal for use in mobile applications, without compromising on the input-output (I/O) performance. Another benefit of the Thunderboltâ„ ¢ technology is ease of incorporating adaptors that use existing PCI Express controllers to boost I/O performance (Frakes Dan 16). The close association between Intel and apple helped to forge a mode of storage that marks the beginning of an exciting era of peripheral connectivity. The Thunderboltâ„ ¢ technology storage devices provide an opportunity for manufacturers to continue in the process of providing both professionals and consumers with quality devices. The storage devices have transfer rates of up to 700MB while daisy-c hained between a PC and the screen. The storage devices allow for fast transfer rates to authors, video editors, IT administrators and graphic designers among other computer professionals and users (Wong 17). Another property of Thunderboltâ„ ¢ technology is its support for existing protocols. The technology allows for the simultaneous transmission of both data and display protocols through the integration of PCI Express and Display Port communication. This allows for the simplification of various tasks in both the home and office.Advertising Looking for essay on computer science? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The combination of two protocols in one cable has allowed designers to come up with compact laptops while using the least number of links between the gadgets. The technology allows users to connect to multiple devices including storage, displays, peripherals and audio/video devices among others. Thunderbolt technolo gy uses copper cables to boost its transfer speeds. The copper cables are flexible, durable, and make an easy fit into the Mini Display Port interface, which enhances their compatibility with various displays (Wong 17). Thunderbolt technology is a high-speed cable technology that provides two 10 GB/s bi-directional channels from one port in the connection between computers and electronic devices. The high speeds allow consumers and professionals to manage the increasing amounts of digital data that require processing. Such performance levels enhance various processes including content creation, IT administration, digital libraries and home storage. The technology allows administrators to back-up servers and editors to process numerous media files in remarkably little time. The technology also provides professionals and consumers of consistent transfer rates with low latency. This attribute is most beneficial to video editors since it means that they can work on high resolution, high -Definition tasks, without losing frames. â€Å"Sound designers also stand to benefit from low latency due to reduced phase distortion and enhanced accuracy in time synchronisation between audio and video† (Intel Corporation 2). Thunderbolt technology also allows for daisy-chaining of over five peripherals such as cameras, monitors and hard drives among others. The connection of one cable to one port provides a user with two channels of 10GB/s data transfer in either direction without compromising the bandwidth. The fast transfer rates are also provided for in the design of mobile devices using thunderbolt technology. The mobility and performance of these mobile devices are most useful to journalists since they can easily use them with other devices such as their laptops and cameras when reporting on secluded stories (Intel Corporation 2).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Is Thunderbolt the Real Deal? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/pa ge Learn More The excitement around Thunderbolt technology was first experienced with the release of Apple’s latest MacBook Pro Models. Technology enthusiasts showed immense interest with the choice made by Apple to make the technology its key feature of the devices. The appeal of Thunderbolt technology, previously referred to as Light Peak, is its ability to facilitate fast transfer of various media through simple connections between devices. The technology has provided designers with new, exciting ways to build and use PCs, providing both professionals and consumers with a real solution to simple and fast transfer of content between devices and PCs (Apple 5). Works Cited Apple. ‘Apple Announces New iMac With Next Generation Quad-Core Processors, Graphics Thunderbolt I/O Technology. Business Wire (English).’ Regional Business News. 2005. Web. Frakes, Dan, and Dan Moren. ‘Thunderbolt: What You Need To Know.’ Academic Search Premier. 2 005. Web. Intel, Corporation. ‘Intel Announces Thunderboltâ„ ¢ Technology: The Fastest Data Connection to Your PC Just Arrived.’ Business Wire (English) 2: Regional Business News. 2005. Web. Shah, Agam. ‘100 Thunderbolt Devices In 2012, Says Intel.’ Academic Search Premier. 2012. Web. Wong, Bill. ‘Thunderbolt And Light Peak Set Their Sights On Display And Data Connection.’ Electronic Design Apr. Academic Search Premier. 2011. Web.Advertising Looking for essay on computer science? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This essay on Is Thunderbolt the Real Deal? was written and submitted by user Sebastian Berg to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How External Environmental Factors Impact Marketing Decisions essays

How External Environmental Factors Impact Marketing Decisions essays The field of marketing is a complex one. Those who work in it are charged with reaching the masses for the purpose of promotion, regardless of what may be going on in the world at the time. Marketing companies world wide have to remain ever mindful of external factors including legal, economical and technological aspects if they want to remain successful. Looking at these external environmental factors can provide foundational information for the planning of marketing strategy. This holds true whether the marketing is to target a global audience or remain in the domestic One of the most important things to incorporate into any marketing plan regardless of its size is the understanding of legal aspects. The legality of the world must be adhere to in any life plan but in marketing it can mean the difference between success and public humiliation. All one has to do is look through the news history and one will locate stories in which marketing went against the legal system and caused a company to close or a product to be pulled off the Market. Disregarding the legal aspects of marketing can be extremely expensive(Fitzpatrick, 2004). One example of this is a tactic called bait and switch. Advertising laws prevent the offering of one product or price to lure consumers in, and then claiming it was JUST sold and trying to steer them into purchasing a more expensive product. It is bait and switch if when the ad was placed there was knowledge that the advertised product It is illegal throughout America and ignoring the legal factor of marketing One such suit was against a bank in Rhode Island. The class action suit accused Fleet Bank of using age old familiar bait and switch tactics to lure new credit card customers to their offices. "During 1999 and 2000, Fleet conducted a nationwide advertising campaign, offering a non-introductory, fixed annual percentage rate of 8.5 percent or lower for...

HOW TO QUOTE IN AN ESSAY

HOW TO QUOTE IN AN ESSAY You wonder how to use quotes in essay, search no more. We are eager to share with you how to quote in an essay. Quoting passages in books, magazines, etc, essays, research papers and other articles is determined by two major points. First is the appropriateness belonging to the passage you wish to quote which is highly important. The second is choose the main idea of your paragraph that will reflect the whole subject concept and to incorporate the quotation. Additionally , there are a minimum of two fundamental rules that you need to pursue remember when you are putting sentences directly from your source for instance a book to your writing composition. One, you must put the proper citation at the end of the direct quote. Two, you should always place quotation marks in the beginning and at the end of your quote to indicate out that the phrase within your paragraph is actually taken out from a different source. It is vital to make note of that your quotation for your direct quotes should stick to the citation format required by your teacher. It is also important that you should thoroughly select the quotes you want to incorporate into your essay or essay. You have to make sure that each direct quote is highly relevant to your paragraphs main idea or main subject. Otherwise, your quoted line will make your argument, discussions or research vulnerable and weak.

Logic and thought Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Logic and thought - Essay Example This paper contains analysis for each sub-argument and suggests how these arguments could be strengthened. The first argument is based on the claim that, until the eighteenth century, diagnoses and prescriptions of astrology were considered more reliable and efficacious than those of the medical practitioners. The arguer simply asserts their argument without citing any original sources to prove that astrology is more trustworthy than the medical profession. These original sources could include official documents or ancient artifacts; however, the arguer does not provide anything to back up their argument and thus we must dismiss it on this reason alone. For example, in Korea over 1000 years ago, rulers from the Koryo dynasty used astrology as political reference and this was an accepted practice at that time. If the arguer had provided these kinds of documents, then their argument would have been stronger and would have been taken more seriously.

Types of health Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Types of health - Coursework Example Diabetes is a dangerous disease where the sugar balances in the blood of a human being does not match with the clinical requirement and the health standards in order for the body to be functioning well the insulin does not perform well. There are two types of diabetes that affects the human bodies. There is the diabetes mellitus where the amount of sugar in the body exceeds the required amount here the level of insulin is low. The next is the diabetes insipidus, where the level of sugar in the blood is below the required standard. I feel my blood sugar level is slightly above the normal since once I consume something sweet I feel so much irritated and I feel as if I will never take sugar in my life again.I had picked this topic since I felt that it is the best and the level of the sugar has given me a headache and much stress in life since I started feeling the abnormalities in the body. I have always wanted to get the advice and know how to control this disease. I have always search ed for the treatment or measure to take in order to control it.In order to be able to manage the diagnosis, I will try to be taking food with less sugar and be eating three meals a day which are also less in sugar and the sugary substances. The food that I will be taking will contain no sugar or glucose in any way. I will try to be undertaking exercise more often so that the insulin levels in my body can fix itself. I will undertake the medicines and pills given by the doctor in order to increase the level of insulin in the body.

Pros and Cons of Cosmetic Surgery Essay example -- Plastic Surgery Essa

Pros and Cons of Cosmetic Surgery Cosmetic Surgery is a great discovery that has been around for many centuries. â€Å"The history of plastic surgery origins in the early 800 B.C. when surgeons in India restored noses to persons who had them taken off as a form of punishment.† (History of Cosmetic Surgery, 2008) Many people have used over the years cosmetic and reconstructive surgery to enhance their physical appearance weather it be for health problems associated with birth defect or problems that they have developed over the years or to even alter physical appearances for instance nose jobs and tummy tucks. There are numerous types of cosmetic surgery that can be done today in the United States, over the year’s surgeons techniques have improved dramatically. There are a number of pro’s and con’s that go along with cosmetic surgery, such as the amount of recovery time and the initial cost of surgery. Statistics also show that cosmetic surgery has grown so rapidly over the years it is phen omenal people who receive cosmetic surgery goes up by the millions every year. While there can be many related health risks due to cosmetic sugary, many times cosmetic surgery is necessary and its is made more affordable than thought to be. There are many Cons’ that are associated with cosmetic and reconstructive surgery. Some procedures can leave a person scared for life physically or even mentally. For instance, â€Å"Liposuction is the removal of fat cells to produce smoother contours, if to much fat and fluid is removed at once the patient could go into shock, bleed internally, or worst of all die.† (Margie Parent 2002) After some cosmetic and reconstructive surgeries sometimes it is found very common for a person to have a hard time adjust... .../history-of-cosmetic-surgery.html Parent, Margie. 2002. â€Å"The Pro’s and Con’s of Plastic Surgery Procedure.† Retrieved on January 28th, 2008. From www.ri.essortment.com/plasticsugeryp_rewz.htm Miami Beach 411. N.D. â€Å"A Guide to Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery Costs†. Retrieved on January 28th, 2008. From http://www.miamibeach411.com/cosmetic/guide_2.html â€Å"History of Cosmetic Surgery†. 2008. Retrieved on January 28th, 2008. From http://www.ebreastaug.com/cosmetic-surgery/history.html Colins, Joan. N.d..†The Pro’s and Con’s of Plastic Surgery†. Retrieved on January 28th, 2008. From http://cseserv.engr,scu.edu/StudentWebPages/KNguyen/researchpaper.htm American Society of Plastic Surgery. 2008. â€Å"2007 Report of 2006 Statistics†. Retrieved on January 28th, 2008. From http://www.plasticsurgery.org/media/Press_Kits/Procedural-Statistics-Press-Kit-Index.cfm

International Business in Japan

Abstract Capitalist and mostly single family centered, Zaibatsu led to a static system with weak competitive forces resulting in what is known as ‘cordial oligopoly’. (Niciejewska, 2007, pg 17) Keiretsu networks on the other hand, with its cross stockholdings is more dynamic and provided a more competitive business economy that continued to drive the Japanese economy during the post war period. The high cohesion that existed between the participating firms in the vertical keiretsu resulted in production and operational efficiency that gave Japanese manufacturers significant advantages in international markets. The impact of information technology and the internet in particular enabled the western countries implement modular production strategies and improved value chain management with setting up of contracted production centers across the globe. The japans keiretsu firms struggled to fight the American companies that specialized in single core functions leading to what is known as the mega competition. Keiretsu networks are unsuitable under modern, globally competitive, and technologically advanced market conditions. There is definitely a shift towards a more western centric business organization. Introduction Japanese corporate governance has undergone a lot of change since the Meiji restoration in 1868. It was during this time that the industrial revolution flourished across the world. The Zaibatsu originated when the Meiji government sold out certain government undertakings to a select few private and influential families namely Mitsui, Mitsubishi, Yasuda and Sumitomo. These government controlled firms slowly developed into different industries that helped Japan grow economically strong. During this period Japan practiced a closed economic system and foreign technology was totally shunned except in areas concerning domestic development (Thorson & Whitney, 2003). The Zaibatsu which could be loosely translated as monopolies emerged as the corporate structure that underlined the Japanese economy from this time till the end of the Second World War. In particular, the Zaibatsu or the industrial and financial conglomeration of the Japanese empire controlled a large percentage of the national economy during the first few decades of the twentieth century. In the aftermath of the World war 11 and the occupation of Japan by American forces, the Zaibatsu system was broken down and this gave rise to what is what is known as the Keiretsu system which is nothing but a group of companies with cross shareholdings and preferential business practices. Though the American government was bent on totally destroying the protectionary policies that the Zaibatsu system represented and proceeded with the dissolution of many Zaibatsu such as Asano, Furukawa, Nakajima, etc they stopped short of complete dissolution owing to fear of the intrusion of China’s communist practices into Japan. The formation of Keiretsu was an attempt to democratize the Japanese economy and to eliminate the restrictive policies (Thorson & Whitney, 2003). A brief overview of the firm structures in the Keiretsu and flourishing of Japanese economy between 1950-90, and its implications to the current Japanese economy would be discussed in this paper. Zaibatsu (Upto 1945) As briefly mentioned above, the Zaibatsu promoted a strong monopoly with holding companies at the top of the pyramid controlling all the operations between the various enterprises within the pyramid. Holding companies typically enjoyed the majority of the stocks of these businesses and more than 50% of the overall stocks of all the small companies that constitute the Zaibatsu were owned by its members (Thorson & Whitney, 2003). Stock options were never sold out to any third parties not connected with the zaibatsu making it a totally closed economic structure. The Zaibatsu was in short, a government led economic drive with strategies as well as resources provided for by the government. Japan’s industrial growth witnessed a rapid upswing under the Zaibatsu system. Buoyed by it success at home, the Japanese government forced the Zaibatsu system in Korea when it colonized the country (Shim & Lee, 2008, pg 49). The Zaibatsu enjoyed complete domination with Mitsui, Sumitomo and Mitsubishi, enjoying as much as 28% of the assets in Japanese companies by 1929. Just when the World War II was about to finish the Zaibatsu had 22.9% of the Japanese company stocks. Thus a handful of Japanese families had control over a vast majority of the Japanese enterprises under the Zaibatsu system. The structure of the Zaibatsu changed very quickly and soon there was intense diversification. For instance the single Mitsubishi Corporation rapidly diversified its business in to mining, shipping, insurance, trading, etc in a very short period of time and soon transformed into a holding company that was at the top of the Pyramid controlling a range of individual yet affiliated businesses. The Iwasaki family owned and controlled the entire business network of Mitsubishi (Lincoln & Shimotani, 2009). Keiretsu Keiretsu represents a cluster of enterprises that are linked to each other by way of cross shareholdings and preferential trading practices creating mutual interests in the business progress. Keiretsu are basically divided into two main types’ namely Vertical keiretsu and horizontal keiretsu. However there are also other keiretsu such as the distribution keiretsu that relate to the distribution networks of big manufacturers. For instance the distribution networks of Matsushita, Fuji Photo Film, etc come under the distribution Keiretsu (Shimotani, 1995). Keiretsu emerged as a protective response to the dissolution and distribution of the largely family owned stocks of the Zaibatsu. When hostile companies were taking over the zaibatsu firms the three main Zaibatsu leaders convened and arranged a solution of cross shareholding and preferential trading policies that enabled them to retain the overall control of the enterprises among themselves. For instance the Mitsui, Sumitomo an d Mitsubishi zaibatsu formed this strategic pact of cross shareholdings to maintain their stronghold in the business. This is how the Keiretsu emerged from the Zaibatsu. Soon by the 1960’s a few big financial institutions in Japan such as Dai-Ichi Kangyo, Fuji and Sanwa joined with the Mitsubishi, Sumitomo and Mitsui to constitute what was popularly known as the six horizontal Keiretsu (Lincoln & Shimotani, 2009). Periodic meetings between the president’s council (shacho-kai) members and executive exchanges and cross share holdings formed the glue between these six Keiretsu. The horizontal Keiretsu is centered around a large bank. On the other hand, the vertical Keiretsu are the large manufacturing companies and supply chain companies, the distributors etc. Unlike the Horizontal Keiretsu there is no president’s council in the vertical Keiretsu but the groups of suppliers of a manufacturing firm represent that role (Miwa and Ramsayer, 2006). Similar to the horizontal Keiretsu, the firms in the vertical keiretsu are also linked together by share holdings across firms and preferential business policies. In vertical Keiretsu there is improved knowledge sharing by way of business transfers including exchange of experts and technical staff members across the vertical network. Overall, vertical Keiretsu promotes improved cohesion among the network firms. In fact, the increased dependence of main firms on the supplier firms in the vertical Keiretsu even lead to large scale investments by these ancillary Japanese firms in US following the footsteps of the Japanese automobile manufacturing firms setting up their FDI in that Country (Banerji & Sambharya ,1996). In technology intensive industries of Japan vertical Keiretsu has greatly improved their international competitiveness by facilitating rapid knowledge sharing across the partnership firms. Empirical studies that measured the effects of such knowledge sharing across the firms in the vertical Keiretsu clearly suggest positive productive gains (Branstetter, 2000). One of the important advantages of the vertical keiretsu is the improved coordination between the suppliers and the assemblers. In the keiretsu automotive industries the suppliers receive plenty of support in products manufacturing , processing and people management. This is distinctly different from the US approach where the suppliers and the assembly line operate entirely independently. This model of operation facilitates both the parties as it helps to reduce the overall risk for either party. (Lincoln & Shimotani, 2009) Thus the Keiretsu improved knowledge transfer among t he networked firms, improved productivity, reduced risk for the firms and gave the Japanese companies clear advantage in the international market. Furthermore, Gerlach (2004), also notes that the Keiretsus were particularly important due to their one-set principle and networking. For instance, synergies were achieved in input and output, especially in the case of manufacturing. Centralized systems and departments were used in conducting basic support operations, which helped all subsidiaries in cost savings (Lincoln & Shimotani, 2009). Also, profit-trapping mechanisms were used in place, by distributing them effectively through subsidiaries (Lincoln & Shimotani, 2009). Cross shareholdings were also particularly important as it helped avoid takeovers, encouraged risk taking amongst companies, and had a long term outlook on strategy (Sturgeon, 2006). One of the important examples of the vertical Keiretsu is the Toyota group. In fact, Toyota has a unique distinction of being both a horizontal keiretsu as well as a vertical keiretsu. They key difference is that the massive size of the Toyota organization makes it possible to exist without being controlled by a central bank as is the case with horizontal keiretsu. Toyota with more than $72 billion in annual revenue has the financial might to stand for itself without the dependence of any major funding source. However, it is associated with the Mitsui group horizontally. Toyota is also widely diversified like a horizontal keiretsu company with its firms representing industries as varied as real estate, computer development, aircraft development, nonlife insurance, etc. The disintegration of the Keiretsu (Why keiretsu failed?) The keiretsu system started to decline slowly by the early nineties and one study by Gerlach (2004) that analyzed the cluster networking pattern of 257 Japanese organizations between 1978 and 1998 found clear evidence indicating this shift away from the Keiretsu. Analysis of cross shareholdings further confirmed the decline of the keiretsu structure (Lincoln & Shimotani, 2009). By the late nineties many major banks that were previously the core of the Horizontal keiretsu had already sold off major portions of their shares to international financial institutions (Ahmadjian and Robinson, 2001). Several Bank mergers further shook the keiretsu structure. Starting with the Mitsui and Taiyo-Kobe Bank merger in 1990 to the 1998 merger of Industrial Bank of Japan, Fuji and Dai-ichi Kangyo bank the largescale mergers of Japanese financial institutions led to consolidation of the related keiretsu firms (Lincoln & Shimotani, 2009). Globalization and technological changes further led to the withering of the Keiretsu. The numbers of board of directors were reduced and many foreign personals took up the position. International investors further demanded the selling off of the stocks in supplier firms and other affiliate firms. Furthermore, the global shift towards modular production system and the production efficiency that it gave rise to, along with a degree of independence between the firms that are involved, kind of eroded the production line advantages that Japanese firms specialized in mass production under the keiretsu system had enjoyed for a long period. The growth of information technology and the adaptation of computer simulation technologies in production testing and experimentation and swift data exchange between the firms reduced the need for physical communication (which was key in Keiretsu) and drastically improved value chain management.(Sturgeon, 2006) Modular production is propelled by ease of systems integration facilitated by information technology. By the 1990’s modular production system was already in place in the US electronic industry with its contract manufacturers spread across the globe. While the American firms capitalized on the internet enabled modular production systems and dominated the electronics industry and related computer hardware industry, Japanese electronics industry was still sticking to the ‘components plus products’ strategy. Cisco systems for instance enjoyed total domination in the network routers market enjoying as much as 80% of the market share while simply outsourcing its device production to contracted producers such as Solectron and Flextronics. Often the production centers are located in low cost regions such as China giving a distinct advantage for the modular production strategy. This contrast between the modular production strategies of the American firms and the in house à ¢â‚¬Ëœintegrated production system’ of the Japanese keiretsu firms gave a clear advantage to the American firms. In other words, the Japanese keiretsu firms could not handle the ‘mega competition’ from the American firms which specialize in single core functions or narrow core competencies. The following figure 1 illustrates the loss suffered by the Japanese keiretsu electronic industries in the early years of the new millennium. (Sturgeon, 2006) Another factor that accompanied global trade is the fluctuation of the exchange rates and its influence on the profit margin. Furthermore, the expansion into international markets and the associated transportation costs motivated many of Japan’s manufacturing firms to move their production facilities abroad as a cost effective solution. Though some suppliers too moved and invested in these new countries, in most cases the central firms such as Toyota started building trust and relationships with the local suppliers. Furthermore, changes in Japanese economic reforms including the Tax policies did not tolerate risk sharing measures as they used to before which clearly undermined one of the key Keiretsu principles. Conclusion The Large capitalist and mostly single family based zaibatsu companies flourished during the early twentieth century creating industrial monopolies that were closely controlled by the government. Zaibatsu led to what is known as a static system as most of the stocks are retained by the family that controls the business. Furthermore Zaibatsu promoted weak competition leading to what is known as ‘cordial oligopoly’.) Keiretsu on the other hand with its cross stockholdings is more dynamic and provided a more competitive business economy that continued to drive the Japanese economy during the post war period. The high cohesion that existed between the participating firms in the vertical keiretsu resulted in production and operational efficiency that gave Japanese manufacturers significant advantages in international markets. However, the Keiretsu principles of ‘preferential business’ affected foreign companies from entering the Japanese markets. Globalization and increasing pressures from international organizations to sell off stocks in affiliated firms affected the cohesion that previously existed between the participating firms in the keiretsu network. Furthermore, the successful integration and mass production strategies of the keiretsu networks that helped Japanese manufacturing firms flourish were soon affected by the shift in global production strategies. Particularly, the concept of modular production where product design could be isolated from its manufacture and the shift towards outsourcing in the western world created a dent in the Japanese manufacturing sector which was still stuck with the ‘in house production’ policies. The impact of information technology and the internet in particular enabled the western countries implement modular production strategies and improved value chain management with setting up of contracted production centers across the globe. The japans keiretsu firms struggled to fi ght the American companies that specialized in single core functions leading to what is known as the mega competition. These fundamental shifts in organizational structure and strategies in the West have made the Keiretsu networks unsuitable under modern globally competitive and technologically advanced market conditions. There is definitely a shift towards a more western centric business organization. Bibliography Ahmadjian, Christina L and Patricia Robinson. (2001). Safety in Numbers: Downsizing and the New Political Economy of Structural Adjustment and Globalization, New York: M.E. Sharpe. Jae Seung Shim & Moosung lee, (2008), The Korean Economic System, Ashgate Publishing Ltd. England. James R Lincoln & Mashiro Shimotani, (2009), Institute for Research on Labor and Employment, Working Paper series, [online] University of California, viewed Mar 9th 2012, Katharina Niciejewska, (2007) The Influence of Social networks in Japanese business. Keiretsu as a Japanese Network. Auflage , Germany. Kunal Banerji PhD & Rakesh B Sambharya, (1996), Vertical Keiretsu and international market entry: The case of the Japanese automobile ancillary industry, Journal of international business studies. Vol 27, No 1. Lee Branstetter (2000), Vertical Keiretsu and Knowledge Spillovers in Japanese Manufacturing: An Empirical assessment, Journal of Japanese and International Economies , Vol 14, Issue 2, pg 73-104 Miwa, Yoshiro and J. Mark Ramsayer. 2006. The Fable of the Keiretsu: Urban Legends of the Japanese Economy. University of Chicago Press, 2006. Thayer Watkins, The Toyoto Group: The One and Only Horizontal and Vertical Keiretsu, [Online] San Jose State University, viewed Mar 9th 2012, Timothy J Sturgeon, (2006), Modular Productions Impact on Japan’s Electronic industry, MIT, IPC Working papers series. Viewed Mar 10th 2012,

Military Service Should Not Be Mandatory For Everyone...

In this paper, I will argue that two years of public of military service should not be mandatory for everyone starting at age 18. I’m an international student from South Korea and military service is required for all males aged 18 or over. Most of my friends who are over 18 have already finished the military service and some are still training in the army. In South Korea, most of people, including me, think two years of military service is useless. There are three reasons why it is a good-for-nothing. My first reason for denying military service is, living two years inside of the fence of the military is lonely. Next, people who discharged from the army have trouble with conversation and learning ability. Lastly, it’s totally wasting a time. Since the fact that South and North Korea are under suspension of fire, both citizens must go to the army. Also, you need to perform even longer such as 7 to 10 years if you’re a North Korean. 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